Zulfahmi, - and Ervina Aryanti, - and Rosmaina, - and Suherman, - and Muhammad Nazir, - (2019) DIFFERENTIATION OF TWO SPECIES OF PASAK BUMI (EURYCOMA SPP) BASED ON LEAF MORPHOMETRIC. Plant Archives, 19 (1). pp. 265-271. ISSN 0972-5210

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Abstract

Forest Reserve of Kenegerian Rumbio, Riau-Indoensia was harbored two species of Pasak Bumi (Eurycoma spp) which is locally popular as male Eurycoma and female Eurycoma. The objective of this research was to investigate the leaf morphometric variation and dissimilarities betweenmale and female Eurycoma. Fifteen of leaf morphometric characters were measured in each species of Eurycoma. Analysis of variance,discriminant analysis (DA), principal component analysis (PCA), and cluster analysiswere performed. The results of analysis of variance and Duncan multiple range test showed that all parameters were significant differences. It revealed thatall of these variable could be utilized to differentiated male Eurycoma and female Eurycoma. The results of DA clearly defined the distinctiveness of the female and male Eurycoma that reflected from high percentages of correctly classified sample.The PCA was resolved into two principal components (PCs), which explained 44.83% and 35.33% of total variation. Scatter plot and UPGMA dendogram divided both eurycoma species into two groups, first group consisted of individuals from female eurycoma and second group consisted of individuals from male eurycoma. These results indicated that male eurycoma and female eurycoma were different species. Furthermore, the result identification of herbarium of both species inBogor Botanical Garden-Indonesia is also concludedthat they are different species, which male eurycoma was Eurycoma longifolia Jack, and female eurycoma was Eurycoma apiculata, A.W. Been. This finding could be usedto identify the appropriate species for utilization in the pharmaceutical, conservation and breeding program in future. Wealso recommended that comprehensive studies involving molecular analyses and phytochemical tests should be performed on the two species of Eurycoma. Key words : Variation, leaf morphology, Eurycoma, Simaroubaceae.

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